Race and Racism : 1890-1920

*see also African-Americans . The following deal primarily with racial theory and concepts of race. Latest revision 4/16/99

Barkan. F. (1992). The Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in the Britain and the United States Between the World Wars. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Barker. M. (1990). Biology and the New Racism. in D. T. Goldberg (editor). (pp.18-37). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Chase, A. (1980). The Lettacy of Malthus: The Social Costs of the New Scientific Racism. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
Clayton, B. The Savage Ideal: Intolerance and Intellectual Leadership in the South 1890-1914
Cravens. H. (1996). Scientific Racism in Modern America. l870s-l990s. Prospects. 26(1996) 47l-490.
Dennis R. M. Social Darwinism. Scientific Racism. and the Metaphysics of Race. Journal of Negro Education, 64 (1995) : 243-262.
Fredrickson, G.M. (1997). The Comparative Imagination: On the History of Racism. Nationalism. and Social Movements. Berkeley University of California Press.
Fredrickson, George, The Black Image in the White Mind
Friedman, J. Laurence, The White Savage: Racial Fantasies in the Postbellum South (Prentice Hall, 1970)
Gender, class, race, and reform in the progressive era ed. / Noralee Frankel, Nancy S. Dye, ( Lexington, Ky. : University Press of Kentucky, 1991)
Gossett. T. F. (1963). Race: The History of the Idea in America. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press.
Haney Lopez, I. F. (1996). White By Law: Legal Construction of Race. New York: New York University
Haney Lopez. I. F. (1995). The Social Construction of Race. in R. Delgado (editor). Critical Race Theory: The Cutting Edge (pp.191-203). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Hannaford, I. Race: The History of an Idea in the West. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press:1996
Newby, I.A. Jim Crow's Defense
Pascoe, P. Miscegenation Law. Court Cases, and Ideologies of "Race" in Twentieth-Century America. Journal of American History, 83(1996). 44-69.

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Written by Robert Bannister, Swarthmore College (emeritus). Please send suggestions/corrections to rbannis1@swarthmore.edu