What structural aspects of the major and minor grooves of a tRNA allows their identification? Which, if any, of the aminoacyl–tRNA synthetases bind to the major groove of its cognate tRNA's acceptor stem? Which, if any, bind to the acceptor stem's minor groove? [Note. A tRNA's grooves are most easily visually differentiated when the tRNA is displayed in CPK form and rotated about.]
An A-type RNA has a narrow and deep major groove and a shallow and wide minor groove. GlnRS binds to the minor groove of its cognate tRNA, while AspRS binds to the major groove of its cognate tRNA.